O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e validar um método para deteminação de resíduos de sulfatiazol (STZ), sulfametazina (SMZ) e sulfadimetoxina (SDM) em leite UHT integral. A extração foi realizada com diclorometano e coluna de extração em fase sólida de sílica. Os resíduos, após derivação com fluorescamina, foram quantificados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector de fluorescência. O limite de detecção das três sulfas em amostra de leite integral foi 0,3 µg L-1 e o limite de quantificação foi 1 µg L-1 para STZ e SMZ e 2,5 µg L-1 para SDM, com coeficientes de variação entre 4,4 e 6,6%. Os valores de recuperação para STZ, SMZ e SDM foram 63,2, 91,2 e 63,2%, respectivamente. Considerando o limite máximo de resíduo estabelecido pela legislação brasileira de 100 µg kg-1 para a soma das concentrações totais de STZ, SMZ e SDM, o método descrito permite a determinação simultânea dos três analitos em amostras de leite UTH integral.

The objective of this work was to evaluate and validate a method for analysis of sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamethazine (SMZ) and sulfadimethoxine (SDM) residues in milk. Extraction was carried out with diclhoromethane followed by silica solid phase extraction. The extracts were derivatizated with fluorescamine and quantified by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The detection limit for the three sulfonamides was 0.3 µg L-1 and the quantification limit was 1 µg L-1 for STZ and SMZ and 2.5 µg L-1 for SDM, with coefficient of variation ranging from 4.4 to 6.6%. The recoveries for STZ, SMZ and SDM were 63.2, 91.2 and 63.2%, respectively. Considering that Brazilian regulation sets maximum residue limit in milk of 100 µg kg-1 for total sulfonamide concentrations (STZ, SMZ and SDM), the present method is adequate to quantify the residues of three sulfonamides simultaneously in UHT milk.

Aspergillus flavus is a very important toxigenic fungus that produces aflatoxins, a group of extremely toxic substances to man and animals. Toxigenic fungi can grow in feed crops, such as maize, peanuts, and soybeans, being thus of high concern for public health. There are toxigenic and non-toxigenic A. flavus variants, but the necessary conditions for expressing the toxigenic potential are not fully understood. Therefore, we have studied total-DNA polymorphism from toxigenic and non toxigenic A. flavus strains isolated from maize crops and soil at two geographic locations, 300 km apart, in the Southeast region of Brazil. Total DNA from each A. flavus isolate was extracted and subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification with five randomic primers through the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) technique. Phenetic and cladistic analyses of the data, based on bootstrap analyses, led us to conclude that RAPD was not suitable to discriminate toxigenic from non toxigenic strains. But the present results support the use of RAPD for strain characterization, especially for preliminary evaluation over extensive collections.